Description
Introduction
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major complication of diabetes and a leading cause of blindness among working-age adults. The prevalence of DR is 77.3% and 25.1% in type 1 and type 2 diabetes respectively. The DR prevalence in Baringo in 2018 was 24.5%. We explored the lived experiences of DR patients in Baringo to understand their psychological, socio-economic and health system interaction and give DR patients a voice to express their individual experiences.
Methodology
A descriptive phenomenological study was carried out from selected sub-counties in Baringo in July 2025. DR patients on regular care were eligible to participate. Purposive sampling was employed. Data was collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews using an audio-recorder and an interview-guide after obtaining written consent. The data was analyzed using thematic content analysis.
Results
Nine participants were interviewed with their ages ranging from 40 to 80 years, majority being female. The themes that emerged were; (1) Individual factors affecting DM/DR care: Negative psychological effects such as depression and anxiety; Financial constraints due to cost of transport and drugs; hypertension as a major comorbidity; loss of economic productivity due to visual and physical impairment. (2) Community factors such as:Stigma and social isolation; Presence of patient support groups. (3) Health systems factors such as: Inaccessibility of care, long waiting times, drug stock outs;CHPs monitoring blood sugars and pressure; Social Health Insurance (SHI) was not fully covering outpatient services.
Conclusion
Mental health care for DR patients is necessary. Social support services including cash transfer, payment of SHA premiums should be provided. Community level sensitization on DM/DR to be carried out to minimize stigma. Formation and strengthening of support groups should be encouraged. DM/DR services should be decentralized, ensuring adequate supply of health commodities. Community health services should be strengthened. SHI to cover cost of care for DM/DR patients.
| Country | Kenya |
|---|---|
| Organization | Government of Kenya |
| Position | ophthalmologist |
| Received a Grant? | No |
