Description
Introduction:
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children remains a poorly understood condition within many pastoralist communities in Northern Kenya, including Isiolo County. Before the introduction of structured diabetes programmes, stigma was widespread families doubted whether children could survive with diabetes, while patients and caregivers faced social isolation, delayed diagnosis, and lack of proper care. These barriers were intensified by the nomadic lifestyle and weak health infrastructure. Over the past four years, two complementary initiatives-the Changing Diabetes in Children (CDiC) programme and the PEN-PLUS strategy-have brought transformative change. While CDiC focuses on pediatric diabetes through provision of insulin, diagnostic supplies, education, and psychosocial support, PEN-PLUS strengthens the broader NCD response, training healthcare workers and expanding access to specialized care in resource-limited settings.
Objectives:
To assess the impact of the CDiC and PEN-PLUS programmes on T1D outcomes, care delivery, and stigma reduction among children and adolescents in Isiolo, Kenya.
Methods:
A descriptive review was conducted at Isiolo County Hospital’s NCD clinic, analyzing four years of data since CDiC implementation, alongside PEN-PLUS support for health system strengthening. Interventions included continuous insulin supply, glucometers and strips, structured patient and caregiver education, mobile follow-up adapted to nomadic mobility, and provider training. HbA1c levels were used to measure glycemic control.
Results:
Ninety-four patients under 25 years are currently enrolled in care, with an average HbA1c of 7.8%. Outcomes include improved glycemic control, reduced stigma, greater community acceptance of T1D, and stronger caregiver involvement. Providers report increased skills and confidence in managing pediatric diabetes, supported by PEN-PLUS mentorship and training.
Conclusions:
The CDiC and PEN-PLUS programmes, though distinct, have together transformed the landscape of T1D care in Isiolo’s pastoralist communities. By addressing both medical and social barriers—including stigma—they have enabled children once marginalized to live healthier lives, instilling resilience and hope within their families and communities.
| Country | Kenya |
|---|---|
| Organization | Government of Kenya |
| Position | Clinician at NCD clinic Isiolo Referral Hospital |
| Received a Grant? | No |
